Goto Section: 1.1309 | 1.1311 | Table of Contents
FCC 1.1310
Revised as of October 1, 2014
Goto Year:2013 |
2015
§ 1.1310 Radiofrequency radiation exposure limits.
(a) Specific absorption rate (SAR) shall be used to evaluate the
environmental impact of human exposure to radiofrequency (RF) radiation
as specified in § 1.1307(b) within the frequency range of 100 kHz to 6
GHz (inclusive).
(b) The SAR limits for occupational/controlled exposure are 0.4 W/kg,
as averaged over the whole body, and a peak spatial-average SAR of 8
W/kg, averaged over any 1 gram of tissue (defined as a tissue volume in
the shape of a cube). Exceptions are the parts of the human body
treated as extremities, such as hands, wrists, feet, ankles, and
pinnae, where the peak spatial-average SAR limit for
occupational/controlled exposure is 20 W/kg, averaged over any 10 grams
of tissue (defined as a tissue volume in the shape of a cube). Exposure
may be averaged over a time period not to exceed 6 minutes to determine
compliance with occupational/controlled SAR limits.
(c) The SAR limits for general population/uncontrolled exposure are
0.08 W/kg, as averaged over the whole body, and a peak spatial-average
SAR of 1.6 W/kg, averaged over any 1 gram of tissue (defined as a
tissue volume in the shape of a cube). Exceptions are the parts of the
human body treated as extremities, such as hands, wrists, feet, ankles,
and pinnae, where the peak spatial-average SAR limit is 4 W/kg,
averaged over any 10 grams of tissue (defined as a tissue volume in the
shape of a cube). Exposure may be averaged over a time period not to
exceed 30 minutes to determine compliance with general
population/uncontrolled SAR limits.
(d)(1) Evaluation with respect to the SAR limits in this section and in
§ 2.1093 of this chapter must demonstrate compliance with both the
whole-body and peak spatial-average limits using technically
supportable methods and exposure conditions in advance of authorization
(licensing or equipment certification) and in a manner that permits
independent assessment.
(2) At operating frequencies less than or equal to 6 GHz, the limits
for maximum permissible exposure (MPE), derived from whole-body SAR
limits and listed in Table 1 of paragraph (e) of this section, may be
used instead of whole-body SAR limits as set forth in paragraph (a)
through (c) of this section to evaluate the environmental impact of
human exposure to RF radiation as specified in § 1.1307(b), except for
portable devices as defined in § 2.1093 as these evaluations shall be
performed according to the SAR provisions in § 2.1093 of this chapter.
(3) At operating frequencies above 6 GHz, the MPE limits shall be used
in all cases to evaluate the environmental impact of human exposure to
RF radiation as specified in § 1.1307(b).
(4) Both the MPE limits listed in Table 1 of paragraph (e) of this
section and the SAR limits as set forth in paragraph (a) through (c) of
this section and in § 2.1093 of this chapter are for continuous
exposure, that is, for indefinite time periods. Exposure levels higher
than the limits are permitted for shorter exposure times, as long as
the average exposure over the specified averaging time in Table 1 is
less than the limits. Detailed information on our policies regarding
procedures for evaluating compliance with all of these exposure limits
can be found in the FCC's OET Bulletin 65, "Evaluating Compliance with
FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic
Fields," and in supplements to Bulletin 65, all available at the FCC's
Internet Web site: http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety.
Note to paragraphs (a) through (d): SAR is a measure of the rate of
energy absorption due to exposure to RF electromagnetic energy. The SAR
limits to be used for evaluation are based generally on criteria
published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for
localized SAR in § 4.2 of "IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect
to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to
300 GHz," ANSI/IEEE Std C95.1-1992, copyright 1992 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., New York, New York 10017.
The criteria for SAR evaluation are similar to those recommended by the
National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) in
"Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for Radiofrequency
Electromagnetic Fields," NCRP Report No. 86, § 17.4.5, copyright 1986
by NCRP, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Limits for whole body SAR and peak
spatial-average SAR are based on recommendations made in both of these
documents. The MPE limits in Table 1 are based generally on criteria
published by the NCRP in "Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for
Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields," NCRP Report No. 86, § § 17.4.1,
17.4.1.1, 17.4.2 and 17.4.3, copyright 1986 by NCRP, Bethesda, Maryland
20814. In the frequency range from 100 MHz to 1500 MHz, these MPE
exposure limits for field strength and power density are also generally
based on criteria recommended by the ANSI in § 4.1 of "IEEE Standard
for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency
Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz," ANSI/IEEE Std C95.1-1992,
copyright 1992 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc., New York, New York 10017.
(e) Table 1 below sets forth limits for Maximum Permissible Exposure
(MPE) to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.
Table 1--Limits for Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE)
Frequency range
(MHz) Electric field strength
(V/m) Magnetic field strength
(A/m) Power density
(mW/cm^2) Averaging time
(minutes)
(A) Limits for Occupational/Controlled Exposure
0.3-3.0 614 1.63 *100 6
3.0-30 1842/f 4.89/f *900/f^2 6
30-300 61.4 0.163 1.0 6
300-1,500 f/300 6
1,500-100,000 5 6
(B) Limits for General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure
0.3-1.34 614 1.63 *100 30
1.34-30 824/f 2.19/f *180/f^2 30
30-300 27.5 0.073 0.2 30
300-1,500 f/1500 30
1,500-100,000 1.0 30
f = frequency in MHz * = Plane-wave equivalent power density
(1) Occupational/controlled exposure limits apply in situations in
which persons are exposed as a consequence of their employment provided
those persons are fully aware of the potential for exposure and can
exercise control over their exposure. Limits for
occupational/controlled exposure also apply in situations when a person
is transient through a location where occupational/controlled limits
apply provided he or she is made aware of the potential for exposure.
The phrase fully aware in the context of applying these exposure limits
means that an exposed person has received written and/or verbal
information fully explaining the potential for RF exposure resulting
from his or her employment. With the exception of transient persons,
this phrase also means that an exposed person has received appropriate
training regarding work practices relating to controlling or mitigating
his or her exposure. Such training is not required for transient
persons, but they must receive written and/or verbal information and
notification (for example, using signs) concerning their exposure
potential and appropriate means available to mitigate their exposure.
The phrase exercise control means that an exposed person is allowed to
and knows how to reduce or avoid exposure by administrative or
engineering controls and work practices, such as use of personal
protective equipment or time averaging of exposure.
(2) General population/uncontrolled exposure limits apply in situations
in which the general public may be exposed, or in which persons who are
exposed as a consequence of their employment may not be fully aware of
the potential for exposure or cannot exercise control over their
exposure.
(3) Licensees and applicants are responsible for compliance with both
the occupational/controlled exposure limits and the general
population/uncontrolled exposure limits as they apply to transmitters
under their jurisdiction. Licensees and applicants should be aware that
the occupational/controlled exposure limits apply especially in
situations where workers may have access to areas in very close
proximity to antennas and access to the general public may be
restricted.
(4) In lieu of evaluation with the general population/uncontrolled
exposure limits, amateur licensees authorized under part 97 of this
chapter and members of his or her immediate household may be evaluated
with respect to the occupational/controlled exposure limits in this
section, provided appropriate training and information has been
provided to the amateur licensee and members of his/her household.
Other nearby persons who are not members of the amateur licensee's
household must be evaluated with respect to the general
population/uncontrolled exposure limits.
[ 78 FR 33650 , June 4, 2013]
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Goto Year: 2013 |
2015
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