FCC Web Documents citing 95.628

as compiled by hallikainen.com/FccRules on 2012 07 01

• http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-20A1.pdf
  • protocol might be developed. If we were to adopt a requirement for a contention based protocol, we invite comment as to whether we should, rely upon the general definition of contention-based protocolrecently adopted by the Commission for the operation of wireless devices under Part 90 of the rules in the 3650 MHz band, 45SeeAMF petition at 12. 46.See47 C.F.R. § 95.628 (a) (6) (ii). 47See 47C.F.R. § 95.628 (a) (6) (iii) for the analogous definition of "MICS communications session" under the present rules. Federal Communications Commission FCC 09-20 12 which reads as follows.48 "Contention-based protocol.A protocol that allows multiple users to share the same spectrum by defining the events that must occur when two or more transmitters attempt to simultaneously access
• http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-23A5.pdf
  • Implant Communications Service Rules )))))))))))))))))ET Docket No. 06-135RM-11271ET Docket No. 05-213ET Docket No. 03-92 ERRATUM Released: May 6, 2009 By the Chief, Office of Engineering and Technology: On March 20, 2009, the Commission released a Report and Order, FCC 09-23, in the above captioned proceeding. This Erratum corrects Appendix A of the Report and Order as indicated below: 1. Section 95.628 is corrected by deleting paragraph (g)(3)(ii). * * * * * 2. Section 95.635(d)(6) is revised to read as follows: (6) Emissions from a MedRadio transmitter operating in the 401-402 MHz or 405-406 MHz bands that are more than 100 kHz outside of either the 401-402 MHz or 405-406 MHz bands, and all emissions from such transmitter in the band
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-03-1778A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-03-1778A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-03-1778A1.txt
  • IMPLANT DEVICE ET Docket No. 03-92 Comments Date: June 11, 2003 Reply Comments Date: June 18, 2003 On March 27, 2003, Biotronik, Inc. filed a Request for Waiver of the frequency monitoring requirements in the Medical Implant Communications Service (``MICS'') rules in order to receive certification for its cardiac implant devices that emit periodic scheduled transmissions. (See 47 C.F.R. § 95.628). Biotronik requests that such waiver also apply to other like devices that may be developed in the future with a periodic transmission function. and typing in the FCC ID PG6BA0T. (Authorization for the VR-t devices is pending and technical information is not publicly available.) . . Filings may also be sent by hand or messenger delivery, by commercial overnight courier,
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-03-2408A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-03-2408A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-03-2408A1.txt
  • Released: July 23, 2003 Biotronik, Inc. Waiver Request (ET Docket No. 03-92) Modification of Ex Parte Status On March 27, 2003, Biotronik, Inc. filed a Request for Waiver of the frequency monitoring requirements in the Medical Implant Communications Service (MICS) rules in order to receive certification for its cardiac implant devices that emit periodic scheduled transmissions. (See 47 C.F.R. § 95.628.) Biotronik further requested that such waiver also apply to other like devices that may be developed in the future with a periodic transmission function. On May 27, 203, the Commission issued a Public Notice, DA 03-1778, inviting comment on the waiver request. The comment period expired on June 18, 2003. Pursuant to Section 1.1200(a) of the Commission's rules, 47 C.F.R.
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-07-801A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-07-801A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-07-801A1.txt
  • implanted MICS devices may transmit in response to a transmission from an external medical implant programmer/control transmitter or a non-radio frequency actuation signal generated by an external device. See 47 C.F.R. § 95.1209(b). The external medical implant programmer/control transmitter must follow a listen-before-talk protocol before transmitting to ensure that a selected channel is not already occupied. See 47 C.F.R. § 95.628. The second circumstance in which an implanted MICS device may transmit is in response to a ``medical implant event.'' See 47 C.F.R. § 95.1209(b). A medical implant event is ``[a]n occurrence or the lack of an occurrence recognized by a medical implant device, or a duly authorized health care professional, that requires the transmission of data from a medical implant
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-11-412A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-11-412A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-11-412A1.txt
  • Radio Service, Radio Control Radio Service, Citizens Band Radio Service, 218-219 MHz Service, Low Power Radio Service, Wireless Medical Telemetry Service, Medical Implant Communications Service, and Multi-Use Radio Service. Subpart E contains technical regulations. Need: The rules specify technical standards for Medical Implant Communications Service transmitters. Legal Basis: 47 U.S.C. 154 and 303. Section Number and Title: 95.603(f) Certification required. 95.628 MICS transmitter. 95.631(h) Emission types. 95.633(e) Emission bandwidth. 95.639(f) Maximum transmitter power. SUBPART F-218-219 MHz SERVICE Brief Description: The Part 95 rules govern the Personal Radio Services, including the General Mobile Radio Service, Family Radio Service, Radio Control Radio Service, Citizens Band Radio Service, 218-219 MHz Service, Low Power Radio Service, Wireless Medical Telemetry Service, Medical Implant Communications Service, and
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-11-912A1.doc
  • The Commission granted reconsideration of the 2009 MedRadio Order to the extent of amending the MedRadio rules to permit the submission of average power transmitter measurements. This action relates to a decision the Commission made in the MedRadio Order to consolidate the transmitter compliance measurement provisions formerly set forth in MICS rule Section 95.639 by creating a new rule Section 95.628(g)(3). The new rule deviated from the old rule in that it specified that power measurements be made using only peak power techniques. At the time it adopted the new rule, the Commission also deleted the reference in the old rule to certain measurement techniques set forth in an obsolete ANSI standard - as well as a reference to an alternative
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-202039A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-202039A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-202039A1.txt
  • IVDS, LPRS, or MICS following the procedures in part 2 of this chapter. Medical implant transmitters shall be tested for emissions and EIRP limit compliance while enclosed in a medium that simulates human body tissue in accordance with the procedures in Sec. 95.639(g). Frequency stability testing for MICS transmitters shall be performed over the temperature range set forth in Sec. 95.628. 6. Paragraph (i) of Section 95.631 is corrected by redesignating it as paragraph (h). 7. Paragraph (f) of Section 95.633 is corrected by redesignating it as paragraph (e). 8. Paragraph (e) of Section 95.635 is corrected by redesignating it as paragraph (d). 9. Paragraph (g) of Section 95.639 is corrected by redesignating it as paragraph (f). 10. Section 95.649 is
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-290160A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-290160A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-290160A1.txt
  • bandwidth approximately equal to 1.0 percent of the emission bandwidth of the device under measurement. 7. Section 95.639(f) is corrected by adding ***** at the end of paragraph (f) to preserve the information in paragraphs (g) - (i) in this section. 8. Section 95.1209 is corrected by revising paragraph (b) to read as follows: (b) Except as provided in § 95.628(b) no MedRadio implant or body worn transmitter shall transmit except in response to a transmission from a MedRadio programmer/control transmitter or in response to a non-radio frequency actuation signal generated by a device external to the body with respect to which the MedRadio implant or body worn transmitter is used. Federal Communications Commission Julius P. Knapp Chief, Office of Engineering
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-290607A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-290607A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-290607A1.txt
  • ) ET Docket No. 06-135 RM-11271 ET Docket No. 05-213 ET Docket No. 03-92 ERRATUM Released: May 6, 2009 By the Chief, Office of Engineering and Technology: On March 20, 2009, the Commission released a Report and Order, FCC 09-23, in the above captioned proceeding. This Erratum corrects Appendix A of the Report and Order as indicated below: 1. Section 95.628 is corrected by deleting paragraph (g)(3)(ii). * * * * * 2. Section 95.635(d)(6) is revised to read as follows: (6) Emissions from a MedRadio transmitter operating in the 401-402 MHz or 405-406 MHz bands that are more than 100 kHz outside of either the 401-402 MHz or 405-406 MHz bands, and all emissions from such transmitter in the band
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-314943A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-314943A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DOC-314943A1.txt
  • ERRATUM Released: July 3, 2012 By the Chief, Office of Engineering and Technology: On May 24, 2012, the Commission released a First Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, FCC 12-54, in the above captioned proceeding. This Erratum amends Appendix B as indicated below: 1. In Subpart E heading, ``TECHICAL'' is corrected to read as ``TECHNICAL''. 2. Section 95.628, in paragraph (f)(1), replace ``(h)(2) and (h)(3)'' with ``(f)(2) and (f)(3)'' and in paragraph (f)(2) correct ``set forth in (f)'' to read as ``set forth in (d)''. 3. Section 95.639, in paragraph (5), correct ``95.628(h)'' to read as ``95.628(f)''. This Erratum also amends Appendix C as indicated below: 4. In paragraph 15, the third sentence is corrected to read as
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-03-324A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-03-324A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-03-324A1.txt
  • LPRS, MURS, or MICS following the procedures in part 2 of this chapter. Medical implant transmitters shall be tested for emissions and EIRP limit compliance while enclosed in a medium that simulates human body tissue in accordance with the procedures in § 95.639(g). Frequency stability testing for MICS transmitters shall be performed over the temperature range set forth in § 95.628. Dedicated Short-Range Communications Service On-Board Units (DSRCS-OBUs) must be certified in accordance with subpart L of this part and subpart J of part 2 of this chapter. Section 95.631 is amended by adding a new paragraph (k) to read as follows: § 95.631 Emission types. * * * * * (k) DSRCS-OBUs are governed under subpart L of this part.
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-03-32A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-03-32A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-03-32A1.txt
  • to Federal Government uses, including Meteorological Aids Service (Metaids), the Meteorological Satellite Service, and the Earth Exploration Satellite Service. We adopted technical rules specifically designed to protect these incumbent Federal services and to ensure compatibility among multiple MICS devices and users. These rules establish 10 channels of 300 kHz each for this service within the allotted bandwidth (47 C.F.R. § 95.628(c) (d)), provide for frequency sharing and cooperation in the selection and use of channels (47 C.F.R. § 95.1211), and establish specific guidelines for frequency monitoring prior to transmission by implant programmer/control transmitters (47 C.F.R. § 95.625(a)). We also provided that a MICS device could transmit without prior frequency monitoring, pursuant to a non-radio frequency actuation signal generated by a device
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-04-33A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-04-33A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-04-33A1.txt
  • to Federal Government uses, including Meteorological Aids Service (Metaids), the Meteorological Satellite Service, and the Earth Exploration Satellite Service. We adopted technical rules specifically designed to protect these incumbent Federal services and to ensure compatibility among multiple MICS devices and users. These rules establish 10 channels of 300 kHz each for this service within the allotted bandwidth (47 C.F.R. § 95.628(c), (d)), provide for frequency sharing and cooperation in the selection and use of channels (47 C.F.R. § 95.1211), and establish specific guidelines for frequency monitoring prior to transmission by implant programmer/control transmitters (47 C.F.R. § 95.625(a)). Given these protections, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), representing the incumbent Federal user entitled to exclusive use of this band, interposed no
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-06-103A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-06-103A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-06-103A1.txt
  • Inductive Telemetry at 90-110 KHz, filed February 21, 2006. 47 C.F.R. § 95.1209(a). The rules also provide for immediate transmission initiated by the medical implant transmitter in the case of a ``medical implant event.'' 47 C.F.R. § 95.1209(b). See Medtronic Petition, Appendix A, at proposed section §§ 1.1307, 95.603(f). MICS Order at 14 FCC Rcd 21055-21057, 21066. 47 C.F.R. § 95.628, et seq 47 C.F.R. § 95.628. This rule also authorizes MICS transmitters to operate on any frequency within the 402-405 MHz band, and limits the emission bandwidth from a MICS device to 300 kHz. 47 C.F.R. § 95.1211. MICS Order at 21042-43. 47 C.F.R. § 2.106, footnote US 345 These devices were an implanted cardiac pacemaker manufactured by Biotronik, Inc.
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-06-1A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-06-1A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-06-1A1.txt
  • STS devices under this waiver must cease and no additional LTS devices can be implanted in patients pursuant to this waiver. FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Marlene H. Dortch Secretary Public Notice, June 15, 2005, DA 05-1670. MICS operates at 402-405 MHz, and is governed by Part 95, Subpart I of the Commission's rules (47 C.F.R §§ 95.1201ff; also 47 C.F.R. § 95.628). 47 C.F.R. § 95.1211. Meditronic also makes insulin pumps and a monitor for diabetics that communicate on non-MICS frequencies. Report and Order in WT Docket No. 99-66 (Amendment of Parts 2 and 95 of the Commission's Rules to Establish a Medical Implant Communications Service in the 402-405 MHz Band) (``MICS Order''), 14 FCC Rcd, 21040 (1999). Id. at 21042-43. In
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-20A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-20A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-20A1.txt
  • Section 307(e)(1). See 47 C.F.R. §§ 95.1201, 95.1209(a). See 47 C.F.R. § 95.401 See 47 C.F.R. § 95.1209 (e). Under this provision, wireless retransmission of information intended to be transmitted by a medical implant programmer/control transmitter shall be conducted using other radio services that operate in spectrum outside the MedRadio band. See AMF petition at 12. .See 47 C.F.R. § 95.628 (a) (6) (ii). See 47 C.F.R. § 95.628 (a) (6) (iii) for the analogous definition of ``MICS communications session'' under the present rules. See 47 C.F.R. § 90.7. See 47 C.F.R. §§ 95.628(a) and 95.1209 (b). Alfred Mann indicates that it is exploring the establishment of an industry-led standards committee to define an appropriate communications protocol that could be used
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-23A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-23A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-23A1.txt
  • certification for its transmitter when the transmitter is used in the GMRS, FRS, R/C, CB, 218-219 MHz Service, LPRS, MURS, or MedRadio Service following the procedures in part 2 of this chapter. Dedicated Short-Range Communications Service On-Board Units (DSRCS-OBUs) must be certified in accordance with subpart L of this part and subpart J of part 2 of this chapter. Section 95.628 is amended by revising the title and paragraphs (a) through (f), and by adding a new paragraph (g) to read as follows: § 95.628 MedRadio transmitters. (a) Frequency monitoring. Except as provided in (b) below, all MedRadio programmer/control transmitters operating in the 401-406 MHz band must operate under the control of a monitoring system that incorporates a mechanism for monitoring
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-57A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-57A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-09-57A1.txt
  • in the frequency bands that provided wider emission bandwidths and accommodate shorter transmissions with relatively higher data rates. See 47 C.F.R. § 95.1209 (e). Under this provision, wireless retransmission of information intended to be transmitted by a medical implant programmer/control transmitter shall be conducted using other radio services that operate in spectrum outside the MedRadio band. .See 47 C.F.R. § 95.628 (a) (6) (ii). See 47 C.F.R. § 95.628 (a) (6) (iii) for the analogous definition of ``MICS communications session'' under the present rules. Because the AMT operations in this band are now one-way transmissions from the aircraft to receive sites on the ground, the exclusion zones as proposed by GEHC are intended to protect these receive sites from interference from
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-106A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-106A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-106A1.txt
  • Changes to CB transmitter 95.426 95.11 Station inspection (CB) 95.427 95.11 Station records (CB) 95.428 95.17 Contacting FCC (CB) 95.601 95.1 Basis and Purpose 95.603 95.33 Equipment certification required 95.605 95.33 Equipment certification procedures 95.607 95.33 CB transmitter modification 95.621 95.37, 95.103 GMRS channel frequencies 95.623 95.205 R/C channel frequencies 95.625 95.307 CB channel frequencies 95.627 95.403 FRS channel frequencies 95.628 95.715 Medradio transmitters 95.629 95.503 LPRS channel frequencies 95.630 95.603 WMTS channel frequencies 95.631 95.41 Emission types 95.632 95.803 MURS channel frequencies 95.633 95.39 Emission bandwidth 95.635 95.41 Unwanted emissions 95.637 95.43 Modulation standards 95.639 95.35 Transmitting power 95.643 95.33 DSRCS-OBU equipment certification 95.645 95.33 Control accessibility 95.647 95.45 FRS & R/C antennas 95.649 95.35 Power capability 95.651 Removed Crystal
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-106A1_Rcd.pdf
  • Petition at 3. 185Moreover, we note that the Commission has recently proposed to permit the operation of certain medical implant devices without automatic monitoring. SeeInvestigation of the Spectrum Requirements for Advanced Medical Technologies, ET Docket No. 06-135, Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, Notice of Inquiry, and Order, 21 FCC Rcd 8164, 8173-74 ¶¶ 23-25 (2006) (MISC NPRM). 186See 47 C.F.R. § 95.628(a). 7679 Federal Communications Commission FCC 10-106 transmit medical data in support of the diagnostic and/or therapeutic functions associated with implanted or body-worn medical devices such as cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators.187The automatic monitoring requirement helps avoid interference to these health-related transmissions.188No such need for automatic monitoring has been demonstrated with respect to MURS.189We therefore agree with commenters that PRSG's proposal should
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-128A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-128A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-128A1.txt
  • that the power measurement rule revisions we adopt in this Order are logical outgrowths of the MedRadio Notice, and therefore, that the Commission provided sufficient APA notice for these revisions. In crafting the new MedRadio rules, the Commission opted to consolidate the transmitter compliance measurement provisions formerly set forth in MICS rule Section 95.639 by creating a new rule Section 95.628(g)(3). As noted above, the new rule deviates from the old rule in that it specifies that power measurements be made using only peak power techniques. At the same time, the Commission also deleted the reference in the old rule to certain measurement techniques set forth in an obsolete ANSI standard - as well as a reference to an alternative technique
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-11-176A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-11-176A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-11-176A1.txt
  • operate in accordance with 47 CFR part 95. * * * * * PART 95 - PERSONAL RADIO SERVICES SUBPART E - TECHICAL REGULATIONS 3. The authority citation for Part 95 continues to read as follows: Authority: Secs. 4, 303, 48 Stat, 1068, 1032, as amended; 47 U.S.C. 154, 303. 4. Section 95.627 is redesignated as Section 95.626, and Section 95.628 is redesignated as Section 95.627. § 95.626 FRS unit channel frequencies. * * * * * 5. Newly redesignated Section 95.627 is amended by revising the heading and introductory text to read as follows: § 95.627 MedRadio transmitters in the 401-406 MHz band. The following provisions apply only to MedRadio transmitters operating in the 401-406 MHz band. * * *
• http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-12-54A1.doc http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-12-54A1.pdf http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-12-54A1.txt
  • of operation in the band and that the device cease operating in the band automatically if it could not receive the signal. In their proposal, the control point in the health care facility would transmit this beacon or control message to the MBAN master transmitter using the facility's LAN. We generally agree with the Joint Parties' suggestions. We revise Section 95.628 of the rules, which specifies the technical requirements for MedRadio transmitters, so that the MBAN programmer/controller transmitters must be capable of receiving and complying with a control message specifying its particular operating parameters within the band. Specifically, an MBAN programmer/control transmitter may not commence operation and must automatically cease operating in the 2360-2390 MHz band if it does not receive
• http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Wireless/Orders/2000/da000887.doc
  • IVDS, LPRS, or MICS following the procedures in part 2 of this chapter. Medical implant transmitters shall be tested for emissions and EIRP limit compliance while enclosed in a medium that simulates human body tissue in accordance with the procedures in Sec. 95.639(g). Frequency stability testing for MICS transmitters shall be performed over the temperature range set forth in Sec. 95.628. 6. Paragraph (i) of Section 95.631 is corrected by redesignating it as paragraph (h). 7. Paragraph (f) of Section 95.633 is corrected by redesignating it as paragraph (e). 8. Paragraph (e) of Section 95.635 is corrected by redesignating it as paragraph (d). 9. Paragraph (g) of Section 95.639 is corrected by redesignating it as paragraph (f). 10. Section 95.649 is