Goto Section: 25.221 | 25.223 | Table of Contents
FCC 25.222
Revised as of October 2, 2015
Goto Year:2014 |
2016
§ 25.222 Blanket Licensing provisions for Earth Stations on Vessels (ESVs)
receiving in the 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.45-11.7 GHz
(space-to-Earth), 11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) bands and transmitting in the
14.0-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space) band, operating with Geostationary Orbit (GSO)
Satellites in the Fixed-Satellite Service.
(a) The following ongoing requirements govern all ESV licensees and
operations in the 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.45-11.7 GHz
(space-to-Earth), 11.7-12.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 14.0-14.5 GHz
(Earth-to-space) bands transmitting to GSO satellites in the Fixed-Satellite
Service.ESV licensees must comply with the requirements in paragraph (a)(1),
(a)(2) or (a)(3) of this section and all of the requirements set forth in
paragraphs (a)(4) through (a)(8) of this section. Paragraph (b) of this
section identifies items that must be included in the application for ESV
operations to demonstrate that these ongoing requirements will be met.
(1) The following requirements shall apply to an ESV that uses transmitters
with off-axis effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP)
spectral-densities lower than or equal to the levels in paragraph
(a)(1)(i)(A) of this section. An ESV, or ESV system, operating under this
section shall provide a detailed demonstration as described in paragraph
(b)(1) of this section. The ESV transmitter also must comply with the
antenna pointing and cessation of emission requirements in paragraphs
(a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section.
(i) An ESV system shall not exceed the off-axis EIRP spectral-density limits
and conditions defined in paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) through (a)(1)(i)(D) of
this section.
(A) The off-axis EIRP spectral-density emitted from the ESV, in the plane of
the GSO as it appears at the particular earth station location, shall not
exceed the following values:
15−10log(N)−25logθ dBW/4 kHz for 1.5° ≤θ ≤7°
−6 −10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 7° <θ ≤9.2°
18 −10log(N)−25logθ dBW/4 kHz for 9.2° <θ ≤48°
−24 −10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 48° <θ ≤85°
−14 −10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 85° <θ ≤180°
Where theta (θ) is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the focal
point of the antenna to the orbital location of the target satellite, the
plane of the GSO is determined by the focal point of the antenna and the
line tangent to the arc of the GSO at the orbital location of the target
satellite. For ESV networks using frequency division multiple access (FDMA)
or time division multiple access (TDMA) techniques, N is equal to one. For
ESV networks using multiple co-frequency transmitters that have the same
EIRP, N is the maximum expected number of co-frequency simultaneously
transmitting ESV earth stations in the same satellite receiving beam. For
the purpose of this section, the peak EIRP of an individual sidelobe may not
exceed the envelope defined above for θ between 1.5° and 7.0°. For θ greater
than 7.0°, the envelope may be exceeded by no more than 10% of the
sidelobes, provided no individual sidelobe exceeds the envelope given above
by more than 3 dB.
(B) In all directions other than along the GSO, the off-axis EIRP
spectral-density for co-polarized signals emitted from the ESV shall not
exceed the following values:
18−10log(N)−25logθ dBW/4 kHz for 3.0° ≤θ ≤48°
−24−10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 48° <θ ≤85°
−14−10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 85° <θ ≤180°
Where θ and N are defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of this section. This
off-axis EIRP spectral-density applies in any plane that includes the line
connecting the focal point of the antenna to the orbital location of the
target satellite with the exception of the plane of the GSO as defined in
paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of this section. For the purpose of this section, the
envelope may be exceeded by no more than 10% of the sidelobes provided no
individual sidelobe exceeds the gain envelope given above by more than 6 dB.
The region of the main reflector spillover energy is to be interpreted as a
single lobe and shall not exceed the envelope by more than 6 dB.
(C) In all directions, the off-axis EIRP spectral-density for
cross-polarized signals emitted from the ESV shall not exceed the following
values:
5−10log(N)−25logθ dBW/4 kHz for 1.8° ≤θ ≤7.0°
−16−10log(N) dBW/4 kHz for 7.0° <θ ≤9.2°
Where θ and N are defined as set forth in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A) of this
section. This EIRP spectral-density applies in any plane that includes the
line connecting the focal point of the antenna to the target satellite.
(D) For non-circular ESV antennas, the major axis of the antenna will be
aligned with the tangent to the arc of the GSO at the orbital location of
the target satellite, to the extent required to meet the specified off-axis
EIRP spectral-density criteria.
(ii) Except for ESV systems operating under paragraph (a)(3) of this
section, each ESV transmitter must meet one of the following antenna
pointing error requirements:
(A) Each ESV transmitter shall maintain a pointing error of less than or
equal to 0.2° between the orbital location of the target satellite and the
axis of the main lobe of the ESV antenna, or
(B) Each ESV transmitter shall declare a maximum antenna pointing error that
may be greater than 0.2° provided that the ESV does not exceed the off-axis
EIRP spectral-density limits in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section, taking
into account the antenna pointing error.
(iii) Except for ESV systems operating under paragraph (a)(3) of this
section, each ESV transmitter must meet one of the following cessation of
emission requirements:
(A) For ESVs operating under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(A) of this section, all
emissions from the ESV shall automatically cease within 100 milliseconds if
the angle between the orbital location of the target satellite and the axis
of the main lobe of the ESV antenna exceeds 0.5°, and transmission will not
resume until such angle is less than or equal to 0.2°, or
(B) For ESV transmitters operating under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) of this
section, all emissions from the ESV shall automatically cease within 100
milliseconds if the angle between the orbital location of the target
satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESV antenna exceeds the
declared maximum antenna pointing error and shall not resume transmissions
until such angle is less than or equal to the declared maximum antenna
pointing error.
(2) The following requirements shall apply to an ESV that uses off-axis EIRP
spectral-densities in excess of the levels in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or
(a)(3)(i) of this section. An ESV or ESV system operating under this
paragraph (a)(2) shall file certifications and provide a detailed
demonstration(s) as described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
(i) The ESV shall transmit only to the target satellite system(s) referred
to in the certifications required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
(ii) If a good faith agreement cannot be reached between the target
satellite operator and the operator of a future satellite that is located
within 6 degrees longitude of the target satellite, the ESV operator shall
accept the power-density levels that would accommodate that adjacent
satellite.
(iii) The ESV shall operate in accordance with the off-axis EIRP
spectral-densities that the ESV supplied to the target satellite operator in
order to obtain the certifications listed in paragraph (b)(2) of this
section. Except for ESVs with variable power systems, the ESV shall
automatically cease emissions within 100 milliseconds if the ESV transmitter
exceeds the off-axis EIRP spectral-densities supplied to the target
satellite operator. For ESVs using variable power systems, the individual
ESV transmitter shall automatically cease or reduce emissions within 100
milliseconds if the ESV transmitter exceeds the off-axis EIRP-density limits
supplied to the target satellite operator; the individual transmitter must
be self-monitoring and capable of shutting itself off; and if one or more
ESV transmitters causes the aggregate off-axis EIRP-densities to exceed the
off-axis EIRP-density limits supplied to the target satellite operator, then
the transmitter or transmitters shall cease or reduce emissions within 100
milliseconds of receiving a command from the system's central control and
monitoring station.
(3) The following requirements shall apply to an ESV system that uses
variable power-density control of individual simultaneously transmitting
co-frequency ESV earth stations in the same satellite receiving beam unless
that ESV system operates pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of this section. An
ESV system operating under this paragraph (a)(3) shall provide a detailed
demonstration as described in paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
(i) The effective aggregate EIRP-density from all terminals shall be at
least 1 dB below the off-axis EIRP-density limits defined in paragraph
(a)(1)(i) of this section, with the value of N = 1. In this context the term
“effective” means that the resultant co-polarized and cross-polarized
EIRP-density experienced by any GSO or non-GSO satellite shall not exceed
that produced by a single transmitter operating 1 dB below the limits
defined in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section. An ESV system operating
under this paragraph (a)(3) shall provide a detailed demonstration as
described in paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section.
(ii) The individual ESV transmitter shall automatically cease or reduce
emissions within 100 milliseconds if the ESV transmitter exceeds the
off-axis EIRP-density limits specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this
section. The individual transmitter must be self-monitoring and capable of
shutting itself off. If one or more ESV transmitters causes the aggregate
off-axis EIRP-densities to exceed the off-axis EIRP-density limits specified
in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section, then the transmitter or transmitters
shall cease or reduce emissions within 100 milliseconds of receiving a
command from the system's central control and monitoring station.
(4) There shall be a point of contact in the United States, with phone
number and address, available 24 hours a day, seven days a week, with
authority and ability to cease all emissions from the ESVs, either directly
or through the facilities of a U.S. Hub or a Hub located in another country
with which the United States has a bilateral agreement that enables such
cessation of emissions.
(5) For each ESV transmitter, a record of the ship location (i.e.,
latitude/longitude), transmit frequency, channel bandwidth and satellite
used shall be time annotated and maintained for a period of not less than 1
year. Records will be recorded at time intervals no greater than every 20
minutes while the ESV is transmitting. The ESV operator will make this data
available upon request to a coordinator, fixed system operator,
Fixed-Satellite system operator, NTIA, or the Commission within 24 hours of
the request.
(6) ESV operators communicating with vessels of foreign registry must
maintain detailed information on each vessel's country of registry and a
point of contact for the relevant administration responsible for licensing
ESVs.
(7) ESV operators shall control all ESVs by a Hub earth station located in
the United States, except that an ESV on U.S.-registered vessels may operate
under control of a Hub earth station location outside the United States
provided the ESV operator maintains a point of contact within the United
States that will have the capability and authority to cause an ESV on a
U.S.-registered vessel to cease transmitting if necessary.
(8) In the 10.95-11.2 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 11.45-11.7 GHz
(space-to-Earth) frequency bands ESVs shall not claim protection from
interference from any authorized terrestrial stations to which frequencies
are either already assigned, or may be assigned in the future.
(b) Applications for ESV operation in the 14.0-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space)
band to GSO satellites in the Fixed-Satellite Service must include, in
addition to the particulars of operation identified on Form 312, and
associated Schedule B, the applicable technical demonstrations in paragraphs
(b)(1) or (2) of this section and the documentation identified in paragraphs
(b)(3) through (5) of this section.
(1) An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph
(a)(1) of this section must demonstrate that the transmitter meets the
off-axis EIRP spectral-density limits contained in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of
this section. To provide this demonstration, the application shall include
the tables described in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section or the
certification described in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section. The ESV
applicant also must provide the value N described in paragraph (a)(1)(i)(A)
of this section. An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under
paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(A) of this section must provide the certifications
identified in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section. An ESV applicant
proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) of this
section must provide the demonstrations identified in paragraph (b)(1)(iv)
of this section.
(i) Any ESV applicant filing an application pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) of
this section must file three tables showing the off-axis EIRP density level
of the proposed earth station antenna in the direction of the plane of the
GSO; the co-polarized EIRP density in the elevation plane, that is, the
plane perpendicular to the plane of the GSO; and cross polarized EIRP
density. In each table, the EIRP density level must be provided at
increments of 0.1° for angles between 0° and 10° off-axis, and at increments
of 5° for angles between 10° and 180° off-axis.
(A) For purposes of the off-axis EIRP density table in the plane of the GSO,
the off-axis angle is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the
focal point of the antenna to the orbital location of the target satellite,
and the plane of the GSO is determined by the focal point of the antenna and
the line tangent to the arc of the GSO at the orbital position of the target
satellite.
(B) For purposes of the off-axis co-polarized EIRP density table in the
elevation plane, the off-axis angle is the angle in degrees from the line
connecting the focal point of the antenna to the orbital location of the
target satellite, and the elevation plane is defined as the plane
perpendicular to the plane of the GSO defined in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(A) of
this section.
(C) For purposes of the cross-polarized EIRP density table, the off-axis
angle is the angle in degrees from the line connecting the focal point of
the antenna to the orbital location of the target satellite and the plane of
the GSO as defined in paragraph (b)(1)(i)(A) of this section will be used.
(ii) A certification, in Schedule B, that the ESV antenna conforms to the
gain pattern criteria of § 25.209(a) and (b), that, combined with the maximum
input power density calculated from the EIRP density less the antenna gain,
which is entered in Schedule B, demonstrates that the off-axis EIRP spectral
density envelope set forth in paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) through (C) of this
section will be met under the assumption that the antenna is pointed at the
target satellite. If an antenna proposed for use by the applicant does not
comply with the antenna performance standards contained in § 25.209(a) and
(b), the applicant must provide, as an exhibit to its application, antenna
gain test plots pursuant to § 25.132(b)(3).
(iii) An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph
(a)(1)(ii)(A) of this section, must provide a certification from the
equipment manufacturer stating that the antenna tracking system will
maintain a pointing error of less than or equal to 0.2 between the orbital
location of the target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESV
antenna and that the antenna tracking system is capable of ceasing emissions
within 100 milliseconds if the angle between the orbital location of the
target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESV antenna exceeds
0.5°.
(iv) An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph
(a)(1)(ii)(B) of this section must:
(A) Declare, in their application, a maximum antenna pointing error and
demonstrate that the maximum antenna pointing error can be achieved without
exceeding the off-axis EIRP spectral-density limits in paragraph (a)(1)(A)
of this section; and
(B) Demonstrate that the ESV transmitter can detect if the transmitter
exceeds the declared maximum antenna pointing error and can cease
transmission within 100 milliseconds if the angle between the orbital
location of the target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESV
antenna exceeds the declared maximum antenna pointing error, and will not
resume transmissions until the angle between the orbital location of the
target satellite and the axis of the main lobe of the ESV antenna is less
than or equal to the declared maximum antenna pointing error.
(2) An ESV applicant proposing to implement a transmitter under paragraph
(a)(2) of this section and using off-axis EIRP spectral-densities in excess
of the levels in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (a)(3)(i) of this section shall
provide the following certifications and demonstration(s) as exhibits to its
earth station application:
(i) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that the
proposed operation of the ESV has the potential to create harmful
interference to satellite networks adjacent to the target satellite(s) that
may be unacceptable.
(ii) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that the
power-density levels that the ESV applicant provided to the target satellite
operator are consistent with the existing coordination agreements between
its satellite(s) and the adjacent satellite systems within 6° of orbital
separation from its satellite(s).
(iii) A statement from the target satellite operator certifying that it will
include the power-density levels of the ESV applicant in all future
coordination agreements.
(iv) Except for variable power ESV applicants, a demonstration from the ESV
operator that the ESV system is capable of detecting and automatically
ceasing emissions within 100 milliseconds when the transmitter exceeds the
off-axis EIRP spectral-densities supplied to the target satellite operator.
Variable power ESV applicants shall provide a detailed showing that an
individual ESV terminal is capable of automatically ceasing or reducing
emissions within 100 milliseconds if the ESV transmitter exceeds the
off-axis EIRP spectral-densities supplied to the target satellite operator;
that the individual transmitter is self-monitoring and capable of shutting
itself off; and that one or more transmitters are capable of automatically
ceasing or reducing emissions within 100 milliseconds of receiving the
appropriate command from the system's central control and monitoring station
if the aggregate off-axis EIRP spectral-densities of the transmitter or
transmitters exceed the off-axis EIRP spectral-densities supplied to the
target satellite operator.
(3) An ESV applicant proposing to implement an ESV system under paragraph
(a)(3) of this section and using variable power-density control of
individual simultaneously transmitting co-frequency ESV earth stations in
the same satellite receiving beam shall provide the information in
paragraphs (b)(3)(i) and (b)(3)(ii) of this section as exhibits to its ESV
application. The International Bureau will place these showings on Public
Notice along with the application.
(i) The ESV applicant shall provide a detailed showing of the measures it
intends to employ to maintain the effective aggregate EIRP-density from all
simultaneously transmitting co-frequency terminals operating with the same
satellite transponder at least 1 dB below the EIRP-density limits defined in
paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section. In this context the term “effective”
means that the resultant co-polarized and cross-polarized EIRP-density
experienced by any GSO or non-GSO satellite shall not exceed that produced
by a single ESV transmitter operating at 1 dB below the limits defined in
paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section.
(ii) The ESV applicant shall provide a detailed showing that an individual
ESV terminal is capable of automatically ceasing emissions within 100
milliseconds if the ESV transmitter exceeds the off-axis EIRP-density limit
specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section and that the individual
transmitter is self-monitoring and capable of shutting itself off. The ESV
applicant shall also provide a detailed showing that one or more
transmitters are capable of automatically ceasing or reducing emissions
within 100 milliseconds of receiving the appropriate command from the
system's central control and monitoring station if the aggregate off-axis
EIRP spectral-densities of the transmitter or transmitters exceed the
off-axis EIRP-density limits specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this
section.
(4) There shall be an exhibit included with the application describing the
geographic area(s) in which the ESVs will operate.
(5) The point of contact referred to in paragraph (a)(3) of this section
and, if applicable paragraph (a)(6) of this section, must be included in the
application.
(6) ESVs that exceed the radiation guidelines of § 1.1310 of this chapter,
Radiofrequency radiation exposure limits, must provide, with their
environmental assessment, a plan for mitigation of radiation exposure to the
extent required to meet those guidelines.
(7) Except for ESV systems operating pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of this
section, ESV systems authorized pursuant to this section shall be eligible
for a license that lists Permitted List as an authorized point of
communication.
(c) Operations of ESVs in the 14.0-14.2 GHz (Earth-to-space) frequency band
within 125 km of the NASA TDRSS facilities on Guam (located at latitude:
13°36′55″ N, longitude 144°51′22″ E) or White Sands, New Mexico (latitude:
32°20′59″ N, longitude 106°36′31″ W and latitude: 32°32′40″ N, longitude
106°36′48″ W) are subject to coordination through the National
Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) Interdepartment
Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC). When NTIA seeks to provide similar
protection to future TDRSS sites that have been coordinated through the IRAC
Frequency Assignment Subcommittee process, NTIA will notify the Commission
that the site is nearing operational status. Upon public notice from the
Commission, all Ku-band ESV operators must cease operations in the 14.0-14.2
GHz band within 125 km of the new TDRSS site until after NTIA/IRAC
coordination for the new TDRSS facility is complete. ESV operations will
then again be permitted to operate in the 14.0-14.2 GHz band within 125 km
of the new TDRSS site, subject to any operational constraints developed in
the coordination process.
(d) Operations of ESVs in the 14.47-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space) frequency band
within (a) 45 km of the radio observatory on St. Croix, Virgin Islands
(latitude 17°46′ N, longitude 64°35′ W); (b) 125 km of the radio observatory
on Mauna Kea, Hawaii (at latitude 19°48′ N, longitude 155°28′ W); and (c) 90
km of the Arecibo Observatory on Puerto Rico (latitude 18°20′46″ W,
longitude 66°45′11″ N) are subject to coordination through the National
Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) Interdepartment
Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC).
[ 74 FR 47105 , Sept. 15, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 50051 , Aug. 20, 2012; 78 FR 8429 , Feb. 6, 2013; 79 FR 8324 , Feb. 12, 2014]
return arrow Back to Top
Goto Section: 25.221 | 25.223
Goto Year: 2014 |
2016
CiteFind - See documents on FCC website that
cite this rule
Want to support this service?
Thanks!
Report errors in
this rule. Since these rules are converted to HTML by machine, it's possible errors have been made. Please
help us improve these rules by clicking the Report FCC Rule Errors link to report an error.
hallikainen.com
Helping make public information public