Goto Section: 2.1091 | 2.1201 | Table of Contents
FCC 2.1093
Revised as of October 1, 2008
Goto Year:2007 |
2009
Sec. 2.1093 Radiofrequency radiation exposure evaluation: portable devices.
(a) Requirements of this section are a consequence of Commission
responsibilities under the National Environmental Policy Act to evaluate the
environmental significance of its actions. See subpart I of part 1 of this
chapter, in particular Sec. 1.1307(b).
(b) For purposes of this section, a portable device is defined as a
transmitting device designed to be used so that the radiating structure(s)
of the device is/are within 20 centimeters of the body of the user.
(c) Portable devices that operate in the Cellular Radiotelephone Service,
the Personal Communications Service (PCS), the Satellite Communications
Services, the General Wireless Communications Service, the Wireless
Communications Service, the Maritime Services, the Specialized Mobile Radio
Service, the 4.9 GHz Band Service, the Wireless Medical Telemetry Service
(WMTS) and the Medical Implant Communications Service (MICS), authorized
under subpart H of part 22 of this chapter, parts 24, 25, 26, 27, 80 and 90
of this chapter, subparts H and I of part 95 of this chapter, and unlicensed
personal communication service, unlicensed NII devices and millimeter wave
devices authorized under subparts D and E, Sec. Sec. 15.253, 15.255 and 15.257 of
this chapter are subject to routine environmental evaluation for RF exposure
prior to equipment authorization or use. All other portable transmitting
devices are categorically excluded from routine environmental evaluation for
RF exposure prior to equipment authorization or use, except as specified in
Sec. Sec. 1.1307(c) and 1.1307(d) of this chapter. Applications for equipment
authorization of portable transmitting devices subject to routine
environmental evaluation must contain a statement confirming compliance with
the limits specified in paragraph (d) of this section as part of their
application. Technical information showing the basis for this statement must
be submitted to the Commission upon request.
(d) The limits to be used for evaluation are based generally on criteria
published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for localized
specific absorption rate (“SAR”) in Section 4.2 of “IEEE Standard for Safety
Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic
Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz,” ANSI/IEEE C95.1–1992, Copyright 1992 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., New York, New York
10017. These criteria for SAR evaluation are similar to those recommended by
the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) in
“Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for Radiofrequency Electromagnetic
Fields,” NCRP Report No. 86, Section 17.4.5. Copyright NCRP, 1986, Bethesda,
Maryland 20814. SAR is a measure of the rate of energy absorption due to
exposure to an RF transmitting source. SAR values have been related to
threshold levels for potential biological hazards. The criteria to be used
are specified in paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of this section and shall
apply for portable devices transmitting in the frequency range from 100 kHz
to 6 GHz. Portable devices that transmit at frequencies above 6 GHz are to
be evaluated in terms of the MPE limits specified in Sec. 1.1310 of this
chapter. Measurements and calculations to demonstrate compliance with MPE
field strength or power density limits for devices operating above 6 GHz
should be made at a minimum distance of 5 cm from the radiating source.
(1) Limits for Occupational/Controlled exposure: 0.4 W/kg as averaged over
the whole-body and spatial peak SAR not exceeding 8 W/kg as averaged over
any 1 gram of tissue (defined as a tissue volume in the shape of a cube).
Exceptions are the hands, wrists, feet and ankles where the spatial peak SAR
shall not exceed 20 W/kg, as averaged over an 10 grams of tissue (defined as
a tissue volume in the shape of a cube). Occupational/Controlled limits
apply when persons are exposed as a consequence of their employment provided
these persons are fully aware of and exercise control over their exposure.
Awareness of exposure can be accomplished by use of warning labels or by
specific training or education through appropriate means, such as an RF
safety program in a work environment.
(2) Limits for General Population/Uncontrolled exposure: 0.08 W/kg as
averaged over the whole-body and spatial peak SAR not exceeding 1.6 W/kg as
averaged over any 1 gram of tissue (defined as a tissue volume in the shape
of a cube). Exceptions are the hands, wrists, feet and ankles where the
spatial peak SAR shall not exceed 4 W/kg, as averaged over any 10 grams of
tissue (defined as a tissue volume in the shape of a cube). General
Population/Uncontrolled limits apply when the general public may be exposed,
or when persons that are exposed as a consequence of their employment may
not be fully aware of the potential for exposure or do not exercise control
over their exposure. Warning labels placed on consumer devices such as
cellular telephones will not be sufficient reason to allow these devices to
be evaluated subject to limits for occupational/controlled exposure in
paragraph (d)(1) of this section.
(3) Compliance with SAR limits can be demonstrated by either laboratory
measurement techniques or by computational modeling. Methodologies and
references for SAR evaluation are described in numerous technical
publications including “IEEE Recommended Practice for the Measurement of
Potentially Hazardous Electromagnetic Fields—RF and Microwave,” IEEE
C95.3–1991.
(4) For purposes of analyzing portable transmitting devices under the
occupational/controlled criteria, the time-averaging provisions of the MPE
guidelines identified in Sec. 1.1310 of this chapter can be used in conjunction
with typical maximum duty factors to determine maximum likely exposure
levels.
(5) Time-averaging provisions of the MPE guidelines identified in Sec. 1.1310 of
this chapter may not be used in determining typical exposure levels for
portable devices intended for use by consumers, such as hand-held cellular
telephones, that are considered to operate in general
population/uncontrolled environments as defined above. However,
“source-based” time-averaging based on an inherent property or duty-cycle of
a device is allowed. An example of this would be the determination of
exposure from a device that uses digital technology such as a time-division
multiple-access (TDMA) scheme for transmission of a signal. In general,
maximum average power levels must be used to determine compliance.
[ 61 FR 41017 , Aug. 7, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 4655 , Jan. 31, 1997; 62 FR 9658 , Mar. 3, 1997; 62 FR 47967 , Sept. 12, 1997; 65 FR 44007 , July 17, 2000;
68 FR 38638 , June 30, 2003; 69 FR 3264 , Jan. 23, 2004; 70 FR 24725 , May 11,
2005]
Subpart K—Importation of Devices Capable of Causing Harmful Interference
Goto Section: 2.1091 | 2.1201
Goto Year: 2007 |
2009
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