Goto Section: 25.165 | 25.202 | Table of Contents

FCC 25.201
Revised as of October 1, 2007
Goto Year:2006 | 2008
Sec.  25.201   Definitions.

   Definitions for terms in subpart C of this part appear in this section, and
   in  Sec. 2.1 of this chapter.

   17/24 GHz Broadcasting-Satellite Service. A radiocommunications service
   using  geostationary  satellites between one or more feeder link earth
   stations and other earth stations, in the 17.3—17.7 GHz (space-to-Earth)
   (domestic  allocation),  17.3—17.8  GHz (international allocation) and
   24.75—25.25 GHz frequency bands. This service is also known as “17/24 GHz
   BSS.” For purposes of the application processing provisions of this part,
   17/24  GHz  BSS  is  a GSO-like service. For purposes of the technical
   requirements of this part, we will treat 17/24 GHz BSS as if it were FSS.
   Unless specifically stated otherwise, the 17/24 GHz BSS systems are subject
   to the rules in this part applicable to FSS.

   Active satellite. An earth satellite carrying a station intended to transmit
   or re-transmit radiocommunication signals.

   Ambulatory. Not stationary. Baselines from which maritime boundaries are
   measured  change  with accretion- and erosion-caused ambulation of the
   boundaries themselves.

   Ancillary  terrestrial  component.  The  term  “ancillary  terrestrial
   component” means a terrestrial communications network used in conjunction
   with a qualifying satellite network system authorized pursuant to these
   rules and the conditions established in the Orders issued in IB Docket No.
   01–185, Flexibility for Delivery of Communications by Mobile Satellite
   Service Providers in the 2 GHz Band, the L-Band, and the 1.6/2.4 GHz Band. 

   Ancillary  terrestrial  component  base  station.  The term “ancillary
   terrestrial component base station” means a terrestrial fixed facility used
   to transmit communications to or receive communications from one or more
   ancillary terrestrial component mobile terminals.

   Ancillary  terrestrial  component mobile terminal. The term “ancillary
   terrestrial component mobile terminal” means a terrestrial mobile facility
   used  to  transmit communications to or receive communications from an
   ancillary terrestrial component base station or a space station.

   Base Earth Station. An earth station in the fixed-satellite service or, in
   some cases, in the land mobile-satellite service, located at a specified
   fixed point or within a specified area on land to provide a feeder link for
   the land mobile-satellite service. (RR)

   Baseline. The line from which maritime zones are measured, also known as the
   coast line. The baseline is a combination of the low-water line (“low-tide
   elevation”) and closing lines across the mouths of inland water bodies. The
   baseline is defined by a series of baseline points. The baseline points are
   not just the low-water marks of the shore of mainland but also includes
   islands and “low-water elevations” ( i.e. , natural rocks). Baseline points
   are ambulatory, and thus, require adjustment from time-to-time by the U.S.
   Department of State's Baseline Committee.

   C-band. For purposes of this part, the terms “C-band” and “conventional
   C-band” refer specifically to the 3700–4200 MHz downlink and 5925–6425 MHz
   uplink  frequency  bands.  These  paired  bands  are  allocated to the
   Fixed-Satellite Service and are also referred to as the 4/6 GHz band(s).

   Coordination  distance.  For the purposes of this part, the expression
   “coordination distance” means the distance from an earth station, within
   which there is a possibility of the use of a given transmitting frequency at
   this earth station causing harmful interference to stations in the fixed or
   mobile service, sharing the same band, or of the use of a given frequency
   for reception at this earth station receiving harmful interference from such
   stations in the fixed or mobile service.

   Direct Broadcast Satellite Service. A radiocommunication service in which
   signals transmitted or retransmitted by space stations, using frequencies
   specified in  Sec. 25.202(a)(7), are intended for direct reception by the general
   public. For the purposes of this definition, the term direct reception shall
   encompass both individual reception and community reception.

   Earth station. A station located either on the Earth's surface or within the
   major portion of the Earth's atmosphere intended for communication:

   (a) With one or more space stations; or

   (b) With one or more stations of the same kind by means of one or more
   reflecting satellites or other objects in space.

   Earth Station on Vessel (“ESV”). An ESV is an earth station onboard a craft
   designed  for  traveling  on  water receiving from and transmitting to
   fixed-satellite space stations.

   Electronic filing. The submission of applications, exhibits, pleadings, or
   other filings to the Commission in an electronic form using Internet or
   World Wide Web on-line filing forms.

   Equivalent diameter. When circular aperture reflector antennas are employed,
   the  size of the antenna is generally expressed as the diameter of the
   antenna's  main reflector. When non-reflector or non-circular aperture
   antennas  are employed, an equivalent diameter can be computed for the
   antenna. The equivalent diameter is the diameter of a hypothetical circular
   aperture antenna with the same aperture area as the actual antenna. For
   example, an elliptical aperture antenna with major axis, a , and minor axis,
   b  ,  will have an equivalent diameter of [ a × b ]^1/2. A rectangular
   aperture antenna with length, l , and width, w , will have an equivalent
   diameter of [4( l × w )/π]^1/2.

   Equivalent power flux-density. The equivalent power flux-density (EPFD) is
   the sum of the power flux-densities produced at a geostationary satellite
   orbit (GSO) receive earth or space station on the Earth's surface or in the
   geostationary satellite orbit, as appropriate, by all the transmit stations
   within a non-geostationary satellite orbit fixed-satellite service (NGSO
   FSS) system, taking into account the off-axis discrimination of a reference
   receiving antenna assumed to be pointing in its nominal direction. The
   equivalent power flux-density, in dB(W/m^2 ) in the reference bandwidth, is
   calculated using the following formula:
   [MATH:  :MATH]

   Where:

   N ais the number of transmit stations in the non-geostationary satellite
   orbit system that are visible from the GSO receive station considered on the
   Earth's surface or in the geostationary satellite orbit, as appropriate;

   i is the index of the transmit station considered in the non-geostationary
   satellite orbit system;

   P iis the RF power at the input of the antenna of the transmit station,
   considered in the non-geostationary satellite orbit system in dBW in the
   reference bandwidth;

   2iis  the off-axis angle between the boresight of the transmit station
   considered in the non-geostationary satellite orbit system and the direction
   of the GSO receive station;

   G t(2i) is the transmit antenna gain (as a ratio) of the station considered
   in the non-geostationary satellite orbit system in the direction of the GSO
   receive station;

   d iis the distance in meters between the transmit station considered in the
   non-geostationary satellite orbit system and the GSO receive station;

   Niis the off-axis angle between the boresight of the antenna of the GSO
   receive station and the direction of the ith transmit station considered in
   the non-geostationary satellite orbit system;

   G r(Ni) is the receive antenna gain (as a ratio) of the GSO receive station
   in  the  direction  of  the  ith  transmit  station  considered in the
   non-geostationary satellite orbit system;

   G r,[max]is the maximum gain (as a ratio) of the antenna of the GSO receive
   station;

   Fixed earth station. An earth station intended to be used at a specified
   fixed point.

   Fixed-Satellite Service. A radiocommunication service between earth stations
   at given positions, when one or more satellites are used; the given position
   may be a specified fixed point or any fixed point within specified areas; in
   some cases this service includes satellite-to-satellite links, which may
   also be operated in the inter-satellite service; the fixed-satellite service
   may also include feeder links of other space radiocommunication services.
   (RR)

   Geostationary satellite. A geosynchronous satellite whose circular and
   direct orbit lies in the plane of the Earth's equator and which thus remains
   fixed  relative  to the Earth; by extension, a satellite which remains
   approximately fixed relative to the Earth.

   2 GHz Mobile Satellite Service. A mobile-satellite service that operated in
   the 2000–2020 MHz and 2180–2200 MHz frequency bands, or in any portion
   thereof.

   Inter-Satellite  Service. A radiocommunication service providing links
   between artificial earth satellites.

   Land Earth Station. An earth station in the fixed-satellite service or, in
   some cases, in the mobile-satellite service, located at a specified fixed
   point or within a specified area on land to provide a feeder link for the
   mobile-satellite service. (RR)

   Land  Mobile  Earth  Station.  A  mobile  earth  station  in  the land
   mobile-satellite service capable of surface movement within the geographical
   limits of a country or continent. (RR)

   Ku-band. In this rule part, the terms “Ku-band” and “conventional Ku-band”
   refer specifically to the 11700–12200 MHz downlink and 14000–14500 MHz
   uplink  frequency  bands.  These  paired  bands  are  allocated to the
   Fixed-Satellite Service and are also referred to as the 12/14 GHz band(s).

   Low-Tide Elevation. A naturally formed area of land that is surrounded by
   and  above  water  at  low tide but below water at high tide. Low-tide
   elevations serve as part of the coast line when they are within the breath
   of the territorial sea of the mainland (either uplands or inland waters) or
   an island. 1958 Convention on the Territorial Sea, Article 11.

   Mobile earth station. An earth station intended to be used while in motion
   or during halts at unspecified points.

   Mobile-Satellite Service. A radiocommunication service:

   (1) Between mobile earth stations and one or more space stations, or between
   space stations used by this service; or

   (2) Between mobile earth stations, by means of one or more space stations.

   This service may also include feeder links necessary for its operation. (RR)

   NGSO FSS gateway earth station. A gateway earth station is an earth station
   complex  consisting of multiple interconnecting earth station antennas
   supporting  the  communication  routing  and  switching functions of a
   non-geostationary satellite orbit fixed-satellite service (NGSO FSS) system
   as a whole. A gateway earth station in the NGSO FSS:

   (1)  Does  not  originate or terminate radiocommunication traffic, but
   interconnects multiple non-collocated user earth stations operating in
   frequency bands other than designated gateway bands, through a satellite
   with  other  primary terrestrial networks, such as the public switched
   telephone network (PSTN) and/or Internet networks.

   (2) Shall not be for the exclusive use of any customer.

   (3) May also be used for telemetry, tracking, and command transmissions for
   the same NGSO FSS system.

   (4)  May  include multiple antennas, each required to meet the antenna
   performance standard in  Sec. 25.209(h), located within an area of one second
   latitude by one second longitude.

   (5) Is considered as a separate gateway earth station complex if it is out
   side of the area of one second latitude by one second longitude of paragraph
   (4) of this definition, for the purposes of coordination with terrestrial
   services.

   Non-Voice, Non-Geostationary Mobile-Satellite Service. A mobile-satellite
   service reserved for use by non-geostationary satellites in the provision of
   non-voice communications which may include satellite links between land
   earth stations at fixed locations.

   1.6/2.4  GHz Mobile-Satellite Service. A mobile-satellite service that
   operates in the 1610–1626.5 MHz and 2483.5–2500 MHz frequency bands, or in
   any portion thereof.

   Passive  satellite.  An  earth  satellite  intended  to transmit radio
   communication signals by reflection.

   Permitted Space Station List. A list of satellites operating in the C-band
   and/or  Ku-band  including  all  U.S.-licensed  satellites  and  those
   non-U.S.-licensed satellites for which the Commission has authorized routine
   U.S.-licensed earth stations to communicate with that satellite, and the
   satellite operator has requested the Commission to place its satellite on
   the Permitted Space Station List.

   Power flux density. The amount of power flow through a unit area within a
   unit bandwidth. The units of power flux density are those of power spectral
   density per unit area, namely watts per hertz per square meter. These units
   are generally expressed in decibel form as dB(W/Hz/m^2 ), dB(W/m^2 ) in a 4
   kHz band, or dB(W/m^2 ) in a 1 MHz band.

   Power spectral density. The amount of an emission's transmitted carrier
   power falling within the stated reference bandwidth. The units of power
   spectral density are watts per hertz and are generally expressed in decibel
   form as dB(W/Hz), dB(W/4kHz), or dB(W/1MHz).

   Protection areas. The geographic regions on the surface of the Earth where
   United States Department of Defense (“DoD”) meteorological satellite systems
   or National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (“NOAA”) meteorological
   satellite systems, or both such systems, are receiving signals from low
   earth orbiting satellites.

   Radiodetermination-Satellite Service. A radiocommunication service for the
   purpose  of  radiodetermination involving the use of one of more space
   stations. This service may also include feeder links necessary for its own
   operation. (RR)

   Routine processing or licensing. A licensing process whereby applications
   are processed in an expedited fashion. Such applications must be complete in
   all regards and consistent with all Commission Rules and must not raise any
   policy issues. With respect to earth station licensing, an application is
   “routine” only if it conforms to all antenna, power, coordination, radiation
   hazard, and FAA notification rules, and accesses only “Permitted Space
   Station List” satellites in the conventional C-band or Ku-band frequency
   bands.

   Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service (“DARS”). A radiocommunication service
   in which audio programming is digitally transmitted by one or more space
   stations directly to fixed, mobile, and/or portable stations, and which may
   involve  complementary  repeating terrestrial transmitters, telemetry,
   tracking and control facilities.

   Satellite  system.  A  space system using one or more artificial earth
   satellites.

   Selected  assignment.  The term “selected assignment” means a spectrum
   assignment voluntarily identified by a 2 GHz MSS licensee at the time that
   the licensee's first 2 GHz mobile-satellite service satellite reaches its
   intended orbit, or other mobile-satellite service spectrum in which the
   Commission permits a 2 GHz mobile-satellite service licensee to conduct
   mobile-satellite service operations with authority superior to that of other
   in-band, mobile-satellite service licensees.

   Spacecraft. A man-made vehicle which is intended to go beyond the major
   portion of the Earth's atmosphere.

   Space operation service. A radiocommunication service concerned exclusively
   with  the operation of spacecraft, in particular space tracking, space
   telemetry and space telecommand. These functions will normally be provided
   within the service in which the space station is operating.

   Space radiocommunication. Any radiocommunication involving the use of one or
   more space stations or the use of one or more reflecting satellites or other
   objects in space.

   Space station. A station located on an object which is beyond, is intended
   to  go  beyond,  or  has been beyond, the major portion of the Earth's
   atmosphere.

   Space system. Any group of cooperating earth stations and/or space stations
   employing space radiocommunication for specific purposes.

   Space telecommand. The use of radiocommunication for the transmission of
   signals to a space station to initiate, modify or terminate function of the
   equipment on a space object, including the space station.

   Space telemetering. The use of telemetering for the transmission from a
   space station of results of measurements made in a spacecraft, including
   those relating to the functioning of the spacecraft.

   Space  tracking. Determination of the orbit, velocity or instantaneous
   position of an object in space by means of radiodetermination, excluding
   primary radar, for the purpose of following the movement of the object.

   Structural attenuation. The term “structural attenuation” means the signal
   attenuation caused by transmitting to and from mobile terminals which are
   located  in  buildings or other man-made structures that attenuate the
   transmission of radiofrequency radiation.

   Terrestrial radiocommunication. Any radiocommunication other than space
   radiocommunication or radio astronomy.

   Terrestrial station. A station effecting terrestrial radiocommunication.

   [ 30 FR 7176 , May 28, 1965, as amended at  36 FR 2562 , Feb. 6, 1971;  48 FR 40254 , Sept. 6, 1983;  51 FR 18445 , May 20, 1986;  54 FR 49993 , Dec. 4, 1989;
    56 FR 42706 , Aug. 29, 1991;  58 FR 68059 , Dec. 23, 1993;  59 FR 53329 , Oct.
   21, 1994;  62 FR 11105 , Mar. 11, 1997;  62 FR 59296 , Nov. 3, 1997;  65 FR 59143 , Oct. 4, 2000;  66 FR 10621 , Feb. 16, 2001;  67 FR 51114 , Aug. 7, 2002;
    68 FR 11993 , Mar. 13, 2003;  68 FR 33650 , June 5, 2003;  68 FR 34338 , June 9,
   2003;  70 FR 4783 , Jan. 31, 2005;  70 FR 19318 , Apr. 13, 2005;  70 FR 32255 ,
   June 2, 2005;  72 FR 50028 , Aug. 29, 2007]


Goto Section: 25.165 | 25.202

Goto Year: 2006 | 2008
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