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Home Page > Executive Branch > Code of Federal Regulations > Electronic Code
of Federal Regulations
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e-CFR Data is current as of October 1, 2007
Title 47: Telecommunication
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PART 18—INDUSTRIAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
___________________________________
Section Contents
Subpart A—General Information
§ 18.101 Basis and purpose.
§ 18.107 Definitions.
§ 18.109 General technical requirements.
§ 18.111 General operating conditions.
§ 18.113 Inspection by Commission representatives.
§ 18.115 Elimination and investigation of harmful interference.
§ 18.117 Report of interference investigation.
§ 18.121 Exemptions.
§ 18.123 Transition provisions for compliance with the rules.
Subpart B—Applications and Authorizations
§ 18.201 Scope.
§ 18.203 Equipment authorization.
§ 18.207 Technical report.
§ 18.209 Identification of authorized equipment.
§ 18.211 Multiple listing of equipment.
§ 18.212 Compliance information.
§ 18.213 Information to the user.
Subpart C—Technical Standards
§ 18.301 Operating frequencies.
§ 18.303 Prohibited frequency bands.
§ 18.305 Field strength limits.
§ 18.307 Conduction limits.
§ 18.309 Frequency range of measurements.
§ 18.311 Methods of measurements.
___________________________________
Authority: 47 U.S.C. 4, 301, 302, 303, 304, 307.
Source: 50 FR 36067 , Sept. 5, 1985, unless otherwise noted.
Subpart A—General Information
top
§ 18.101 Basis and purpose.
top
The rules in this part, in accordance with the applicable treaties and
agreements to which the United States is a party, are promulgated pursuant
to section 302 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, vesting the
Federal Communications Commission with authority to regulate industrial,
scientific, and medical equipment (ISM) that emits electromagnetic energy on
frequencies within the radio frequency spectrum in order to prevent harmful
interference to authorized radio communication services. This part sets
forth the conditions under which the equipment in question may be operated.
§ 18.107 Definitions.
top
(a) Radio frequency (RF) energy. Electromagnetic energy at any frequency in
the radio spectrum from 9 kHz to 3 THz (3,000 GHz).
(b) Harmful interference. Interference which endangers the functioning of a
radionavigation service or of other safety services or seriously degrades,
obstructs or repeatedly interrupts a radiocommunication service operating in
accordance with this chapter.
(c) Industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) equipment. Equipment or
appliances designed to generate and use locally RF energy for industrial,
scientific, medical, domestic or similar purposes, excluding applications in
the field of telecommunication. Typical ISM applications are the production
of physical, biological, or chemical effects such as heating, ionization of
gases, mechanical vibrations, hair removal and acceleration of charged
particles.
(d) Industrial heating equipment. A category of ISM equipment used for or in
connection with industrial heating operations utilized in a manufacturing or
production process.
(e) Medical diathermy equipment. A category of ISM equipment used for
therapeutic purposes, not including surgical diathermy apparatus designed
for intermittent operation with low power.
(f) Ultrasonic equipment. A category of ISM equipment in which the RF energy
is used to excite or drive an electromechanical transducer for the
production of sonic or ultrasonic mechanical energy for industrial,
scientific, medical or other noncommunication purposes.
(g) Consumer ISM equipment. A category of ISM equipment used or intended to
be used by the general public in a residential environment, notwithstanding
use in other areas. Examples are domestic microwave ovens, jewelry cleaners
for home use, ultrasonic humidifiers.
(h) ISM frequency. A frequency assigned by this part for the use of ISM
equipment. A specified tolerance is associated with each ISM frequency. See
§18.301.
(i) Marketing. As used in this part, marketing shall include sale or lease,
offer for sale or lease, advertising for sale or lease, the import or
shipment or other distribution for the purpose of sale or lease or offer for
sale or lease. See subpart I of part 2 of this chapter.
(j) Magnetic resonance equipment. A category of ISM equipment in which RF
energy is used to create images and data representing spatially resolved
density of transient atomic resources within an object.
Note: In the foregoing, sale (or lease) shall mean sale (or lease) to the
user or a vendor who in turn sells (or leases) to the user. Sale shall not
be construed to apply to devices sold to a second party for manufacture or
fabrication into a device which is subsequently sold (or leased) to the
user.
[ 50 FR 36067 , Sept. 5, 1985, as amended at 59 FR 39472 , Aug. 3, 1994]
§ 18.109 General technical requirements.
top
ISM equipment shall be designed and constructed in accordance with good
engineering practice with sufficient shielding and filtering to provide
adequate suppression of emissions on frequencies outside the frequency bands
specified in §18.301.
§ 18.111 General operating conditions.
top
(a) Persons operating ISM equipment shall not be deemed to have any vested
or recognizable right to the continued use of any given frequency, by virtue
of any prior equipment authorization and/or compliance with the applicable
rules.
(b) Subject to the exceptions in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section and
irrespective of whether the equipment otherwise complies with the rules in
this part, the operator of ISM equipment that causes harmful interference to
any authorized radio service shall promptly take whatever steps may be
necessary to eliminate the interference.
(c) The provisions of paragraph (b) of this section shall not apply in the
case of interference to an authorized radio station or a radiocommunication
device operating in an ISM frequency band.
(d) The provisions of paragraph (b) of this section shall not apply in the
case of interference to a receiver arising from direct intermediate
frequency pickup by the receiver of the fundamental frequency emissions of
ISM equipment operating in an ISM frequency band and otherwise complying
with the requirements of this part.
§ 18.113 Inspection by Commission representatives.
top
Upon request by a representative of the Commission the manufacturer, owner,
or operator of any ISM equipment shall make the equipment available for
inspection and promptly furnish the Commission with such information as may
be required to indicate that the equipment complies with this part.
§ 18.115 Elimination and investigation of harmful interference.
top
(a) The operator of ISM equipment that causes harmful interference to radio
services shall promptly take appropriate measures to correct the problem.
(b) If the operator of ISM equipment is notified by the Commission's
Engineer in Charge (EIC) that operation of such equipment is endangering the
functioning of a radionavigation or safety service, the operator shall
immediately cease operating the equipment. Operation may be resumed on a
temporary basis only for the purpose of eliminating the harmful
interference. Operation may be resumed on a regular basis only after the
harmful interference has been eliminated and approval from the EIC obtained.
(c) When notified by the EIC that a particular installation is causing
harmful interference, the operator or manufacturer shall arrange for an
engineer skilled in techniques of interference measurement and control to
make an investigation to ensure that the harmful interference has been
eliminated. The EIC may require the engineer making the investigation to
furnish proof of his or her qualifications.
§ 18.117 Report of interference investigation.
top
(a) An interim report on investigations and corrective measures taken
pursuant to §18.115 of this part shall be filed with the EIC of the local
FCC office within 30 days of notification of harmful interference. The final
report shall be filed with the EIC within 60 days of notification.
(b) The date for filing the final report may be extended by the Engineer in
Charge when additional time is required to put into effect the corrective
measures or to complete the investigation. The request for extension of time
shall be accompanied by a progress report showing what has been accomplished
to date.
§ 18.121 Exemptions.
top
Non-consumer ultrasonic equipment, and non-consumer magnetic resonance
equipment, that is used for medical diagnostic and monitoring applications
is subject only to the provisions of §§18.105, 18.109 through 18.119, 18.301
and 18.303 of this part.
[ 59 FR 39472 , Aug. 3, 1994; 60 FR 47302 , Sept. 12, 1995]
§ 18.123 Transition provisions for compliance with the rules.
top
Consumer ISM devices, induction cooking ranges and ultrasonic equipment that
are authorized under the certification, verification or declaration of
conformity procedures on or after July 12, 2004 shall comply with the
conducted limits specified in §18.307. All such devices that are
manufactured or imported on or after July 11, 2005 shall comply with the
conducted limits specified in §18.307. Equipment authorized, imported or
manufactured prior to these dates shall comply with the conducted limits
specified in §18.307 or with the conducted limits that were in effect
immediately prior to September 9, 2002.
[ 67 FR 45671 , July 10, 2002]
Subpart B—Applications and Authorizations
top
§ 18.201 Scope.
top
This subpart contains the procedures and requirements for authorization to
market or operate ISM equipment under this part.
§ 18.203 Equipment authorization.
top
(a) Consumer ISM equipment, unless otherwise specified, must be authorized
under either the Declaration of Conformity or certification procedure prior
to use or marketing. An application for certification shall be filed with
the Commission on an FCC Form 731, pursuant to the relevant sections in part
2, subpart J of this chapter and shall also be accompanied by:
(1) A description of measurement facilities pursuant to §2.948, or reference
to such information already on file with the Commission.
(2) A technical report pursuant to §§18.207 and 18.311.
(b) Consumer ultrasonic equipment generating less than 500 watts and
operating below 90 kHz, and non-consumer ISM equipment shall be subject to
verification, in accordance with the relevant sections of part 2, subpart J
of this chapter.
(c) Grants of equipment authorization issued, as well as on-site
certifications performed, before March 1, 1986, remain in effect and no
further action is required.
[ 50 FR 36067 , Sept. 5, 1985, as amended at 63 FR 36603 July 7, 1998]
§ 18.207 Technical report.
top
When required by the Commission a technical report shall include at least
the following information:
(a) A description of the measurement facilities in accordance with §2.948.
If such a description is already on file with the Commission, it may be
included by reference.
(b) A copy of the installation and operating instructions furnished to the
user. A draft copy of such instructions may be submitted with the
application, provided a copy of the actual document to be furnished to the
user is submitted as soon as it is available, but no later than 60 days
after the grant of the application.
(c) The full name and mailing address of the manufacturer of the device
and/or applicant filing for the equipment authorization.
(d) The FCC Identifier, trade name(s), and/or model number(s) under which
the equipment is or will be marketed.
(e) A statement of the rated technical parameters that includes:
(1) A block and schematic diagram of the circuitry.
(2) Nominal operating frequency.
(3) Maximum RF energy generated.
(4) Electrical power requirements of equipment.
(5) Any other pertinent operating characteristics.
(f) A report of measurements, including a list of the measuring equipment
used, and a statement of the date when the measuring equipment was last
calibrated and when the measurements were made. The frequency range that was
investigated in obtaining the report of measurements shall be indicated. See
also §§18.309 and 18.311.
[ 50 FR 36067 , Sept. 5, 1985, as amended at 63 FR 36603 , July 7, 1998]
§ 18.209 Identification of authorized equipment.
top
(a) Each device for which a grant of equipment authorization is issued under
this part shall be identified pursuant to the applicable provisions of
subpart J of part 2 of this chapter. Changes in the identification of
authorized equipment may be made pursuant to §2.933 of part 2 of this
chapter. FCC Identifiers as described in §§2.925 and 2.926 of this chapter
shall not be used on equipment subject to verification or Declaration of
Conformity.
(b) Devices authorized under the Declaration of Conformity procedure shall
be labelled with the logo shown below. The label shall not be a stick-on,
paper label. It shall be permanently affixed to the product and shall be
readily visible to the purchaser at the time of purchase, as described in
§2.925(d) of this chapter. Permanently affixed means that the label is
etched, engraved, stamped, silkscreened, indelibly printed, or otherwise
permanently marked on a permanently attached part of the equipment or on a
nameplate of metal, plastic, or other material fastened to the equipment by
welding, riveting, or a permanent adhesive. The label must be designed to
last the expected lifetime of the equipment in the environment in which the
equipment may be operated and must not be readily detachable. The logo
follows:
[er07jy98.027.gif]
View or download PDF
[ 63 FR 36603 , July 7, 1998]
§ 18.211 Multiple listing of equipment.
top
(a) When the same or essentially the same equipment will be marketed under
more than one FCC Identifier, equipment authorization must be requested on
an FCC Form 731 for each FCC Identifier.
(b) If equipment authorization for additional FCC Identifiers is requested
in the initial application, a statement shall be included describing how
these additional devices differ from the basic device which was measured and
stating that the report of measurements submitted for the basic device
applies also to the additional devices.
(c) If equipment authorization for additional FCC Identifiers is requested
after a grant has been issued by the FCC for the basic device, the
application may, in lieu of the report of measurements, be accompanied by a
statement including:
(1) FCC Identifier of device for which measurements are on file with the
FCC.
(2) Date when equipment authorization was granted for the device(s) listed
under paragraph (c)(1) of this section and the file number of such grant.
(3) Description of the difference between the device listed under paragraph
(c)(1) of this section and the additional device(s).
(4) A statement that the report of measurements filed for the device listed
under paragraph (c)(1) of this section applies also to the additional
device(s).
(5) Photographs pursuant to §2.1033(c).
§ 18.212 Compliance information.
top
(a) Equipment authorized under the Declaration of Conformity procedure shall
include the following compliance information in lieu of the information
required by §2.1077.
(1) Identification of the product, e.g., name and model number.
(2) A statement similar to the following:
This device complies with Part 18 of the FCC Rules.
(3) The name and address of the responsible party as defined in §2.909 of
the rules. This party must be located within the United States.
(b) The compliance information may be placed in the instruction manual, on a
separate sheet, or on the packaging. There is no specific format for this
information.
[ 63 FR 36603 , July 7, 1998]
§ 18.213 Information to the user.
top
Information on the following matters shall be provided to the user in the
instruction manual or on the packaging if an instruction manual is not
provided for any type of ISM equipment:
(a) The interference potential of the device or system
(b) Maintenance of the system
(c) Simple measures that can be taken by the user to correct interference.
(d) Manufacturers of RF lighting devices must provide an advisory statement,
either on the product packaging or with other user documentation, similar to
the following: This product may cause interference to radio equipment and
should not be installed near maritime safety communications equipment or
other critical navigation or communication equipment operating between
0.45–30 MHz. Variations of this language are permitted provided all the
points of the statement are addressed and may be presented in any legible
font or text style.
[ 50 FR 36069 , Sept. 5, 1985, as amended at 51 FR 17970 , May 16, 1986; 64 FR 37419 , July 12, 1999]
Subpart C—Technical Standards
top
§ 18.301 Operating frequencies.
top
ISM equipment may be operated on any frequency above 9 kHz except as
indicated in §18.303. The following frequency bands, in accordance with
§2.106 of the rules, are allocated for use by ISM equipment:
ISM frequency Tolerance
6.78 MHz ±15.0 kHz
13.56 MHz ±7.0 kHz
27.12 MHz ±163.0 kHz
40.68 MHz ±20.0 kHz
915 MHz ±13.0 MHz
2,450 MHz ±50.0 MHz
5,800 MHz ±75.0 MHz
24,125 MHz ±125.0 MHz
61.25 GHz ±250.0 MHz
122.50 GHz ±500.0 MHz
245.00 GHz ±1.0 GHz
Note: The use of the 6.78 MHz ±15 kHz frequency band is subject to the
conditions of footnote 524 of the Table of Allocations. See §2.106.
§ 18.303 Prohibited frequency bands.
top
Operation of ISM equipment within the following safety, search and rescue
frequency bands is prohibited: 490–510 kHz, 2170–2194 kHz, 8354–8374 kHz,
121.4–121.6 MHz, 156.7–156.9 MHz, and 242.8–243.2 MHz.
§ 18.305 Field strength limits.
top
(a) ISM equipment operating on a frequency specified in §18.301 is permitted
unlimited radiated energy in the band specified for that frequency.
(b) The field strength levels of emissions which lie outside the bands
specified in §18.301, unless otherwise indicated, shall not exceed the
following:
Equipment Operating frequency RF Power generated by equipment (watts) Field
strength limit (uV/m) Distance (meters)
Any type unless otherwise specified (miscellaneous) Any ISM frequency Below
500
500 or more 25
25×SQRT(power/500) 300
^1300
Any non-ISM frequency Below 500
500 or more 15
15×SQRT(power/500) 300
^1300
Industrial heaters and RF stabilized arc welders On or below 5,725 MHz
Above 5,725 MHz Any
Any 10
(^2) 1,600
(^2)
Medical diathermy Any ISM frequency
Any non-ISM frequency Any
Any 25
15 300
300
Ultrasonic Below 490 kHz Below 500
500 or more 2,400/F(kHz)
2,400/F(kHz)× SQRT(power/500) 300
^3300
490 to 1,600 kHz
Above 1,600 kHz Any
Any 24,000/F(kHz)
15 30
30
Induction cooking ranges Below 90 kHz
On or above 90 kHz Any
Any 1,500
300 ^430
^430
^1Field strength may not exceed 10 μV/m at 1600 meters. Consumer equipment
operating below 1000 MHz is not permitted the increase in field strength
otherwise permitted here for power over 500 watts.
^2Reduced to the greatest extent possible.
^3Field strength may not exceed 10 μV/m at 1600 meters. Consumer equipment
is not permitted the increase in field strength otherwise permitted here for
over 500 watts.
^4Induction cooking ranges manufactured prior to February 1, 1980, shall be
subject to the field strength limits for miscellaneous ISM equipment.
(c) The field strength limits for RF lighting devices shall be the
following:
Frequency (MHz) Field strength limit at 30 meters (μV/m)
Non-consumer equipment:
30–88 30
88–216 50
216–1000 70
Consumer equipment:
30–88 10
88–216 15
216–1000 20
Notes
1. The tighter limit shall apply at the boundary between two frequency
ranges.
2. Testing for compliance with these limits may be made at closer distances,
provided a sufficient number of measurements are taken to plot the radiation
pattern, to determine the major lobes of radiation, and to determine the
expected field strength level at 30, 300, or 1600 meters. Alternatively, if
measurements are made at only one closer fixed distance, then the
permissible field strength limits shall be adjusted using 1/d as an
attenuation factor.
[ 50 FR 36070 , Sept. 5, 1985, as amended at 51 FR 17970 , May 16, 1986; 52 FR 43197 , Nov. 10, 1987]
§ 18.307 Conduction limits.
top
For the following equipment, when designed to be connected to the public
utility (AC) power line the radio frequency voltage that is conducted back
onto the AC power line on any frequency or frequencies shall not exceed the
limits in the following tables. Compliance with the provisions of this
paragraph shall be based on the measurement of the radio frequency voltage
between each power line and ground at the power terminal using a 50 μH/50
ohms line impedance stabilization network (LISN).
(a) All Induction cooking ranges and ultrasonic equipment:
Frequency of emission (MHz) Conducted limit (dBμV)
Quasi-peak Average
0.009–0.05 110 —
0.05–0.15 90–80* —
0.15–0.5 66 to 56* 56 to 46*
0.5–5 56 46
5–30 60 50
*Decreases with the logarithm of the frequency.
(b) All other part 18 consumer devices:
Frequency of emission (MHz) Conducted limit (dBμV)
Quasi-peak Average
0.15–0.5 66 to 56* 56 to 46*
0.5–5 56 46
5–30 60 50
*Decreases with the logarithm of the frequency.
(c) RF lighting devices:
Frequency (MHz) Maximum RF line voltage measured with a 50 uH/50 ohm LISN
(uV)
Non-consumer equipment:
0.45 to 1.6 1,000
1.6 to 30 3,000
Consumer equipment:
0.45 to 2.51 250
2.51 to 3.0 3,000
3.0 to 30 250
(d) If testing with a quasi-peak detector demonstrates that the equipment
complies with the average limits specified in the appropriate table in this
section, additional testing to demonstrate compliance using an average
detector is not required.
(e) These conduction limits shall apply only outside of the frequency bands
specified in §18.301.
(f) For ultrasonic equipment, compliance with the conducted limits shall
preclude the need to show compliance with the field strength limits below 30
MHz unless requested by the Commission.
(g) The tighter limits shall apply at the boundary between two frequency
ranges.
[ 50 FR 36067 , Sept. 5, 1985, as amended at 52 FR 43198 , Nov. 10, 1987; 64 FR 37419 , July 12, 1999; 67 FR 45671 , July 10, 2002]
§ 18.309 Frequency range of measurements.
top
(a) For field strength measurements:
Frequency band in which device operates (MHz) Range of frequency
measurements
Lowest frequency Highest frequency
Below 1.705 Lowest frequency generated in the device, but not lower than 9
kHz 30 MHz.
1.705 to 30 Lowest frequency generated in the device, but not lower than 9
kHz 400 MHz.
30 to 500 Lowest frequency generated in the device or 25 MHz, whichever is
lower Tenth harmonic or 1,000 MHz, whichever is higher.
500 to 1,000 Lowest frequency generated in the device or 100 MHz, whichever
is lower Tenth harmonic.
Above 1,000 ......do Tenth harmonic or highest detectable emission.
(b) For conducted powerline measurements, the frequency range over which the
limits are specified will be scanned.
[ 50 FR 36070 , Sept. 5, 1985, as amended at 51 FR 17971 , May 16 1986]
§ 18.311 Methods of measurements.
top
The measurement techniques which will be used by the FCC to determine
compliance with the technical requirements of this part are set out in FCC
Measurement Procedure MP–5, “Methods of Measurements of Radio Noise
Emissions from ISM equipment”. Although the procedures in MP–5 are not
mandated, manufacturers are encouraged to follow the same techniques which
will be used by the FCC.
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